General terms used in CNC Machining

These 8 terms are most commonly used in CNC Machining terminology;
1. Cutting Tool –

Cutting tools are designed to cut the workpiece material which should be hard enough compared to workpiece material
Types of cutters used ;
– Face Mill cutter
– End Mill cutter
– Shell End Mill Cutter
– Center Drill Cutter
– Twist Drill Cutter
– Slot Drill Cutter
– Bull Nose Cutter
– Ball Nose Cutter

2. Controller ;

Controller is software acts as a controlling unit of CNC Machine
4 types controller ;
1. Fanuc
2. Sinumeric
3. Hidenhein
4. Mazatrol
5. Fayor
6. Hass
7. Okuma
8. Lakhsminumeric

3. Language –

Language is the media to communicate between controller and operator. 2 types of language are useed in CNC machinig ;
– ISO Mode
– Dialogue Mode

4. Codes –

ISO Mode based programming language are based on codes
– G code ( Preparatory or Geometric ) related to toolpath
– M code ( Miscellaneous or Machine ) related to M/C operation

5. Variables

N – For block line numbers
S – for spindle speed
F – Feedrate

6. Symbols

; – End of block
/ – to skip any block
# – Macro symbol
= – equals to
+ – plus

7. Axes of CNC Milling ;

Based on cartesian coordinate system
Z axis – along the spindle
X axis – alonf the bed
Y axis – along the width of the bed, perpendicular to X and Z

8. Homing –

Procedure to send machine axes to its default position ( Reference postion ) , to refresh machine axes as well as activate some codes which were previously inactive